Pope Benedict XVI is abdicating

Here is the most official source I can find:

Pope Benedict XVI announces his resignation at end of month on Vatican Radio. Also see Damian Thompson’s Pope resigns. This is unbelievable news, but evidence of Benedict XVI’s deep humility. I’m satisfied this is not a joke!

There are already people who believe there hasn’t been a Pope since October 1958 when Pius XII died. Others will dispute the possibility of abdication and the legitimate election of a Pope whilst his predecessor is still alive (even though canon law provides for the possibility).

Will Benedict XVI influence the choice of his successor, or is the pendulum going to swing back the other way now? Much as I feel for an ailing man who is one year older than my father who retired from his veterinary practice twenty-two years ago, I suspect this is going to banalise the Papacy – perhaps just what is needed.

We’ll see in March with the Conclave. Chi entra in conclave Papa ne esce cardinale.

I just learned today that Celestine V’s successor Boniface VIII (the great champion of extra ecclesiam nulla salus) put Celestine V in prison where he died of hunger and disease. Lovely, I really enjoy these stories of men of God!

Posted in Uncategorized | Tagged | 15 Comments

Rome and the SSPX – the dead end

This article has been doing the rounds. The Impossible “Road Map” of Peace with the Lefebvrists. I usually lack interest in this flogged and sterile subject. The Novus Ordo conservatives tell the SSPX to submit as if the current Pontiff were still Pius IX or Boniface VIII. On the other side, what does one have to submit to?

Apart from the old minority sedevacantist breakaways and Bishop Williamson, the SSPX has been remarkably stable and apparently united over the forty-four years since its foundation in Switzerland and spread to every country where it has seminaries, schools, churches, chapels, religious communities and traditionalist laity. That is quite an achievement. To what can we attribute this stability and constancy?

It might seem to be incoherent to claim the Pope is the head of the Church, with the old papal ecclesiology – and then disobey him. But, for all that incoherence, they stay together and avoid the fragmentation known by the sedevacantists who claim a more rigorously cogent intellectual position.

Over the fifteen odd years I spent in the RC Church, I appreciated (as I became informed about the issues) the notions of religious freedom and “emancipation” of the Jews along with other matters intended to make it possible for a medieval autocratic monarchy to enter into dialogue with the modern world or die from lack of finance. On the other hand, the style of Vatican II is vacuous, clerical and verbose. I noticed that way of talking in order to say nothing, and the Anglican clergy, the clergy of any institutional church are specialists at a certain type of verbal expression.

One thing I can say for the present Pope is that, theologian though he is, his expression (at least as translated from German into English) is clear and comprehensible. He talks as clearly as any ordinary non-clerical educated person. At the same time, he is caught between the idea of handing everything to the traditionalists and “saving” something of what John XXIII, Paul VI and Jean Paul II sought to do. On one side, Vatican II is not negotiable, and on the other side, it is an obstacle motivating that kind of conservatism that resists the correction of anything, fostering a “new orthodoxy”.

This article shows causes for criticising Vatican II itself, and not merely the implementation and the well-kn,own catalogue of liturgical and pastoral abuses along with abusive ecumenical activities and heterodox theology. Daring to criticise an Ecumenical Council (“ecumenical” only for the RC Church) is really impertinent, especially if you are in the “official” Church!

What sort of language should have been used? Thomism? I lapped up Thomism as a young convert, as it all seemed so logical and wholesome. It brought certitude, condemning everything to the contrary, but it took the catholicity away from the Church. We hear about “pastoral language”. What is “pastoral language”. Perhaps someone could enlighten me. Is it the post-modern idea that language and words should not mean anything objectively, and only convey “feelings”? Of course, I was a very little child during the Vatican II years, and in an Anglican family that was quite estranged from the Church. But I was alive throughout the 1960’s, and was learning to express myself in English – the language people spoke – at school, at home and in the shops, everywhere – seemed to be clear enough to understand. Should not the Church be close to the people by speaking in clear language?

The bottom line seems not to be language but clericalism. A friend of mine quipped, saying they had made priests take off the cassock, bowdlerised the Mass, but they had kept the important thing: authority and the means of collecting money to finance it. The continuation of clericalism reveals how superficial the conciliar language really was. The clergy are pre-conciliar with only a different appearance. I don’t like the SSPX either for the same reason. They have cassocks and the old liturgy, but they are just as arrogant and pig-headed. Tweedledum and Tweedledee, the snake eating its own tail!

It’s interesting to look at the conditions required of Rome – if peace with the traditionalists is desired:

– that Rome would guarantee to the Lefebvrists the right to celebrate the Mass and the sacraments exclusively according to the rite of St. Pius V;

– and that the obedience required for Vatican II would be brought back within the limits of its “false-pastoral” language, and therefore be subject to criticisms and reservations.

These two conditions would be on the fulfilment of two other conditions:

– the first, advanced in December of 2011 by the bishop of Astana in Kazakistan, Athanasius Schneider, is the publication on the part of the pope of a sort of new “Syllabus,” which would strike with anathemas all of the “modern-day errors”;

– The second, already proposed by the theologian Brunero Gherardini to the supreme magisterium of the Church, is a “revision of the conciliar and magisterial documents of the last half century,” to be done “in the light of Tradition.”

Those are quite interesting ideas. The exclusive use of the old liturgical books is already a reality with most of the Ecclesia Dei clerical institutes. I haven’t heard of any of them being required to use the Novus Ordo. At least that was so when I was at Gricigliano. We even had pre-1962 things like folded chasubles and bits and pieces from the pre-Pius XII Holy Week services! We could prance around just as if we were in the 1920’s or the 1720’s for that matter!

There is a sense of disappointment that Benedict XVI is unwilling to put his Church into a neo-Thomist cocoon after having seen the stimulating developments of ressourcement theology, often labelled as “neo-Modernist” by the Roman School. At the same time, we seem to have entered a period of sclerosis and inertia like in the final years of John Paul II. Nice things are said, but very little of interest is done, at least as far as it should go.

Can this thing be resolved by compromise as Archbishop Hepworth had hoped for the TAC at a different level? The sedevacantists are accusing Bishop Fellay of “selling out”, but the SSPX still plays a deal-killing game of maintaining the old theories concerning the fault of modern Jews for the death of Christ and the question of whether Judaism still has any salvific validity! What would happen if both “sides” did lay down their weapons? What the SSPX would want would be the capitulation of Rome, which might seem preposterous, but it is the only outcome for those fostering pre-concilar Catholicism as incompatible the two systems are with each other.

The idea would be to get Rome back to the nineteenth century, or the 1900’s at the zenith of anti-Modernism. That is why it is the Society of St Pius X. All criticism of Vatican II would be through this perspective, and perhaps it would all be scrapped and anathematised. But the “restored” Church would not be like it was before, but would become über-integralist in its ideology, ever shrinking and ever more unpleasant.

One bishop really does want to go back to Quanta Cura and the Syllabus! Is this really the kind of Church we want even if we prefer the traditional liturgy? A triumph of the Roman School and the condemnation of all the good theology along with the bad theology of the twentieth century? We would be back to the triumphalistic apologetics on a wider scale and an ever reinforced clericalism.

In my thinking, this is an aspect of dystopia, as sure a Big Brother, telescreens and people being tortured with their worst fears because they fell in love. Some readers of this blog might lap it up like a cat licking the cream, until they find themselves on the receiving end of their system that can only work with a two-bit dictator at its service making the right people “disappear”.

Between the restored two-bit Piuspäpst Church and the free-for-all of the present liberals and so forth, it really is a choice between Scylla and Charybdis – because the ship gets just as wrecked on one or the other.

Posted in Uncategorized | Tagged | 58 Comments

Another Reflection about Sarum Culture

I thought I would briefly return to the theme of so-called Sarum patrimony and culture and the discussion on What role should Sarum play in the Ordinariate liturgy?. Another interesting comment appeared:

Sarum is already arguably permitted to Roman Rite priests, including Ordinariate priests, having never been abrogated, having survived the Tridentine reforms in the underground ecclesia Anglicana post 1558, and having been used to the present day, albeit on an infrequent basis, by both Anglican and Roman Catholic priests and bishops. But apart from that, this is really an issue of whether or not the default text for ressourcement should be the EF or OF Roman uses instead of the Sarum. Since the principal context out of which the BCP tradition arose was that of Sarum rite, our ressourcement, wherever the various BCPs and Anglican Missals are lacking for the purpose of ressourcement, for the sake of internal consistency and ritual coherence, should be primarily to Sarum, and only then to the EF or OF. I personally have experienced Sarum Masses in Canterbury communion parishes in just the last two years. Thus, even if one ignores our ritual culture’s ancient roots in Sarum, it cannot be said to have no part in our patrimony. Furthermore, there should be no doubt that the first 1500 years of the ecclesia anglicana are fully a part of Anglican patrimony, (witness the desire of the Oxford Movement to claim it and more fully restore it as their own heritage), just as much as they are part of the recusant patrimony.

We have often seen arguments about whether it is truly a custom in the Church and therefore enjoying a position of taking precedence over canon law and legislation. That is something Roman Catholics love! Also they love saying to others – You like it? You can’t have it! I have sometimes argued from that point of view, very similar for the arguments for the pre-Novus Ordo liturgy by Count Neri Capponi, Michael Davies and others. It increasingly seems academic to me.

A more unfavourable point of view is considering what is done in parishes. As a European, I see the Church as having been a part of the fabric of society throughout all classes and both in cities and in the countryside. That is no longer so in countries like France. In sociological terms, Catholicism in France has become like that in England and the USA, an artificially established “mission”. It occurs to me that it is not the rite that determines the cultural “patrimony” but the fact that the Church itself is obsolete and no longer a living tradition for most people.

This fact strikes at the mark of the Church’s catholicity or universality. It is no longer intended for all but to an ever-shrinking elite.

This blog and others like it are definitely “fogeys’ corners”, and we are discussing something that is as obscure to most people as nautical terms or the technicalities of brain surgery! From such a point of view, we are all obsolete, and all liturgical rites belong to another world from the one we are living in.

We are now looking at the survival of Christianity after its having been expunged from secular culture. That is our agony, in which “extraordinary forms” and “ordinary forms” have no more relevance than Sarum, the Celtic rite or the 1662 Book of Common Prayer.

It is therefore no longer a question of cultural relevance for all, because for most people Christianity is no more of interest than anything else. If Christianity is to survive, it will be in “micro societies” of one kind or another: monasteries, families, continuing Anglican and Roman Catholic communities and the like. There, particular liturgical rites might be an interesting subject of conversation and matter to the persons concerned.

I think it is also illusory to seek to graft the culture of one Church into another. Anglicans who cannot in conscience continue in their communities of origin and are not inclined to “survive” in one of the “micro societies” on offer, then it would seem logical to convert to another church and forget one’s baggage. The Ordinariates are also “micro societies”, though with the “respectability” of being recognised by the Pope.

Attempts at imposing liturgical uniformity on any community is divisive. “Untouched” traditional rites have the advantage of being “politically neutral”. Once one starts fiddling with the liturgy, as happened under Pius V in 1570 and right up to modern times, issuing new rites and making them “normative”, one will never be satisfied. It is like beginning to make modifications to your car to make it go faster or be more fuel-efficient. It will never be right, and the car as it left the factory might have been better than the “improvement”. The onus is on the makers of new or “recomposed” liturgies to justify their relevance to their flocks. Sarum has the advantage of having been a traditional rite, one of many, which was nurtured in a Christian society.

As I answered one of Deborah’s readers, what they do in the Roman Catholic Church is of no concern to me. I simply don’t care if they dilly-dally and make people wait for fifty, a hundred or two hundred years for their “Christmas presents”, just to make them accept that the only thing that matters is obedience to authority. I see a graver danger: it is all going down and Christianity will survive the downfall of what we have the habit of calling the “Church”. It is toppling under the weight of its own bureaucracy.

If we are in survival mode, then not very much matters any more. We just use what we have and try to carry on.

Posted in Uncategorized | Tagged , , | Leave a comment

Sarum and the Ordinariate Liturgy

There is a posting in Deborah Gyapong’s blog: What role should Sarum play in the Ordinariate liturgy?

In a discussion with a friend about Msgr. Stephen Lopes’ excellent talk on developing an agreed upon liturgy for the Anglican Use Ordinariates, my friend noted that of all the sources mentioned in the talk, Sarum was omitted.

How important should Sarum be in the considerations of the international liturgical commission?

to which I added a comment:

This is a particular drum I banged for years. It is not going to happen, as so few are interested in Sarum. The English Ordinariate is Novus Ordo with a few Anglican trimmings, with some parishes using the BDW. I don’t know about Aussie, but the Ordinariate in the US would be more for the Anglican Use as it stands with a few improvements and corrections.

There is also quite a deal of “inverted snobbery” with Sarum: quite a few have an academic interest but are afraid of peer pressure against the practical use of an “obsolete” rite with no pastoral relevance in their eyes. Not many of us use it with any frequency. At an official level, I would be surprised if Sarum is even being considered.

I have had enough experience of Roman Catholic liturgy to know that the Roman Catholic Church is arid ground for traditional liturgies. The only scope for “initiative” is within the Novus Ordo matrix, and the screws are being tightened there. Perhaps a good thing, perhaps a return to a kind of rubricism that defeats its own purpose. The traditionalists had enough difficulty in getting still quite parsimonious deals for the Tridentine liturgy. There are fairly frequent Ambrosian rite masses celebrated in northern Italy and some young Dominican priests have rediscovered their rite. I recommend consulting The New Liturgical Movement to know what goes on.

Sarum has been discussed quite a lot on the New Liturgical Movement, but there is no real desire to revive it as a living liturgical tradition. Strangely enough, the Diocese of Salisbury in the Church of England has been interested in experimenting with Sarum customs and trappings. I have yet to hear about a full Sarum Mass being celebrated there. There were the famous (notorious) Sarum masses celebrated by Fr Sean Finegan in Oxford in the 1990’s. They were reported by some zealous conservative Novus Ordo type and were stamped on.

You can type the word “Sarum” in the search box of this blog, and also on the The Anglo-Catholic where my old pre August 2010 articles remain. I pushed it, but there is too much opinion against Sarum in favour of modern liturgical styles or the Prayer Book as being considered as more properly Anglican than a pre-Reformation custom.

Posted in Uncategorized | Tagged , , | 12 Comments

Thank you again

More message of sympathy are coming in, both on the blog and by private e-mail. I extend to you all and renew my thanks. Here is another shot of my late mother taken at their 60th Wedding Anniversary last August.

mum

Posted in Uncategorized | Tagged | 2 Comments

A New Sarum Primer

Derek Olsen’s blog tells us in Modern Day Sarum Prymer about a new initiative, a book of Offices and prayers in traditional English. It is the Sarum Prymer compiled and published by Fr Michael Shirk, a priest of the Independent Catholic Christian Church.

I have had a little correspondence with Fr Michael, a few months ago, and found him to be a very interesting person with many interests in common with yours truly. You should go over to the first link given on this posting, and consider ordering this primer. He has also published several books of prayers and liturgical ceremonies.

It is very encouraging to find such well-educated and dedicated priests concerned for making a real contribution to Christian culture and something lasting.

Posted in Uncategorized | Tagged , | 10 Comments

Tyranny of the Extroverts

I came across an article by this name. It is a notion I have seen implicit in many contexts, and not least in considering what kind of men are suitable for the priesthood. Well, I would say that a good parish priest in a modern city parish, apart from being devout, cultured and educated, should have good management and teamwork skills, good communication and exude an aura of dynamism and masculinity. That would certainly be so for a parish with a lot of activity in and out of liturgical services. And, in a few years, city parishes is all that will remain.

According to this way of seeing things, the Bishop’s task is very simple. He has all his seminarians and applicants subjected to personality type tests, and accepts those with the right combinations of letters. Tick the multiple choice boxes and fill in the form, and the bureaucracy will give its green or red light. The Bishop could go on a round-the-world cruise in his forty-foot yacht with electrically-furled sails – and leave his job to a computer! If that’s the Church, I for one am not interested, nor are 90% of the people who live around us.

Jung’s theory is that we come in different personality “types” by which we give priority to different values and relate to other people. There are extremes and everything in between persons who prefer one thing to another and to different extents within the grey scale. The psychological test is called the Myers-Briggs Personality Type Indicator (MBTI). The full and accurate version is given by a qualified professional and you pay the man for his job well done. There are free online tests, and they depend on your complete frankness – don’t be tempted to think yourself into someone else’s profile. It isn’t easy, so you need to know what you want. Computers can do approximate translations from one language to another, but customers still pay for human translations on account of our being able to be intuitive and capable of interpreting. How much more for a complete human personality and not merely a text someone has written?

We are generally introverts or extroverts, with various other characteristics. I took an online test this morning, and I found it difficult to distinguish my intuitive inclinations and things I have learned by experience of life. For example, one always does a better job by being organised and coming up with a good and coherent plan. That realisation is a fruit of experience but not necessarily our natural inclination. So, I tried to be as honest as possible. The machine came up with Introvert INtuitive Feeler Perceiver (INFP). Perhaps that could be contested, but by paying a professional to do a human test in the same way I translate French texts into English texts faithfully expressing the same concepts. The test sorts people into extrovert or introvert types with a degree of coordination with characteristics like thinking, sensation, feeling and intuition.

That’s all very interesting, since we want to know ourselves better in order to make the right decisions in life. On the other hand, there are factors that come into play like peer pressure: it is more socially acceptable to be an extrovert or force oneself to be one. The introverts shiver in one corner, and the team of extrovert bully boys dominates the classroom. Perhaps, that is a caricature.

This article is fascinating in that it describes a Church that is dominated by people who are very talkative and only function in a crowd. Take this to the extreme and the person ceases to be anything and the collective is all – Soviet Communism in a way. Creativity is stifled by being fettered to the team. It is often said about the priest that he must be a team player and an extrovert. Otherwise, needless to apply.

Modern liturgy is made for extroverts. Those I know who prefer the new type liturgies with the “facing the people” position are extroverts. It is teamwork, full participation of all, no hiding in your corner.

I could not personally imagine myself being the parish priest of one of those big churches in Paris with lots of meetings, liturgies, various associations and organisations, something going on all the time. On the other hand, I spent six months as a working guest in a Benedictine monastery, but I didn’t find a vocation to stay there and become a monk. There used to be country parishes, and they tended to be given to introverted priests (I have known a few of the old ones who have now passed away), but introverted men find it more difficult to get through the seminary system – so the country parishes are closed or grouped together into “team ministries” – for extroverts.

It’s an interesting idea. I don’t know how well that proves to be a cogent analysis in any way. I would appreciate feedback from different experiences. Has the introvert or “contemplative” (who is not cut out for formal monastic life) a place in the Church or in the clergy?

Posted in Uncategorized | Tagged , | 12 Comments

A big thank you

I would like to thank all twenty-three of you who have shared their sympathy with me so far. I had a long conversation with one of my two sisters, a great comfort. I have had scores of e-mails of sympathy, mostly from local friends and family-in-law. It is extremely touching.

As Sophie said to me today, it is not only a mother I lose but also the last attachments to my childhood. This is a trial we all have to face – unless one dies before one’s parents. We have to be brave and carry on, doing our duty with dignity and discretion, a value she tried to teach me both by word and example.

I celebrated a Requiem Mass for her this morning, as always from the Sarum missal. Feelings are not everything, but an extreme peace and calmness reigned. I remembered a time she came to my Mass in English with my father some 5 years ago when they last came to France. She devoted her whole life to other people, first for her children and her pupils, and later on for the local Women’s Institute and knitting hundreds of woollen chicken boiled egg cosies for cancer research. She had suffered many years from a bad hip and emphysema.

The funeral arrangements are not yet in place, but Sophie and I are preparing for a journey to England which will probably be next week, perhaps with my mother-in-law.

brantholme66

I found this old photo taken in the summer of 1966. Little me was seven years old. My mother was just 36 at the time in a very 1960’s dress. The door behind was not of a church but the front door of our house! I have spent most of this evening looking at some old Super 8 cine films my sister had recorded on DVD a couple of years ago. We had holidays in Spain, Scotland, the South Coast of England and other places in England and abroad, my father towing an enormous caravan with his mighty 12-seater Land Rover – and many walks up the Lakeland Fells with the dogs. I could go on and on and on, but I won’t.

family71

All of us together in 1971.

This is a time for humble thanksgiving to God for his inestimable gifts and infinite love.

Posted in Uncategorized | Tagged , | 2 Comments

Of your charity

I received the bad news from my father this morning – my mother had a massive heart attack yesterday evening at home and the paramedics were unable to save her.

OLYMPUS DIGITAL CAMERA

Margaret Mary Rose Chadwick née Barnett
22nd August 1930 – 5th February 2013
in her 83rd year

I ask your prayers and Mass intentions for her.

Posted in Uncategorized | Tagged | 27 Comments

Priestly Training

There has been a certain amount of discussion in three blogs about the proper training of priests. Once we get rid of the red herring according to which the clergy of a “proper denomination” are properly trained and small minority churches without the financial resources for full-time residential seminary training can only produce ignorant impostors, we can begin to reason everything out and make progress.

Is a priest held to the same standard of formal qualifications as doctors, lawyers, business consultants, chartered accountants, surveyors, civil engineers and the like? I have often found low standards of professionalism in poor minority churches like the Continuing Anglicans, and I have also found intellectual pride, a lack of empathy and arrogance with some of the priests I have known in the “official” Church. Arguments are often made against university education on account of the risk of the student being influenced by heresy and fallacious philosophy. Each of these viewpoints has a certain but limited validity.

My own experience has been a classical European university faculty for theological studies to licentiate standard. We were expected to know our stuff at the examinations, and an experienced professor would see at a glance if the student was trying to “fake it”. More importantly, a university does not have the same role as a seminary. In the former, emphasis is placed on the student thinking for himself, doing his own research and defending his thesis according to the rules of evidence and correct reasoning. A seminary also offers a theological education at an advanced level, but from the point of view of the Church’s teachings and what is directly useful for the future priest in his future ministry. Whether the priest has a university degree or has simply been taught or examined by the Bishop and examining chaplains, the important thing is that a priest should be able to reason and assimilate a level of general culture. Perhaps requirements would be less precise than the standards required of surgeons or civil engineers, but these qualities seem essential.

I can speak from my own experience of a full-time residential seminary. We are given our intellectual training, typically according to the Thomist and scholastic method – unlike university – but that is not all. We had the framework of a community life similar in some ways to that of a monastery. We were taught and conditions to be clerics, like soldiers in the Army. From the day we got the cassock and the tonsure, we had to learn to behave ourselves in a different way, and acquire gravitas. We worshipped in chapel at Lauds, Mass, Sext, Vespers and Compline. We ate in refectory in silence, listening to a reading. We put on something, like the cassock and collar, over and above our personalities, and had a comfortable feeling of hiding behind our new identity. We had recreation, played sports, went on walks, went on holidays to see our families – but as clerics.

Our clerical formation was designed to enhance our spiritual life as being very similar to monks (for the time we were at seminary). We prayed in chapel each day. We had our spiritual reading and had our spiritual directors – and seeing them was more or less an exercise in hypocrisy. It was a positive experience for me, and it was as formative of character as having being in the Armed Forces. One learns to deal with authority, obeying but yet negotiating by the interaction of personalities. This is a subtlety many lay people are unaware of – unless they have been in the Army!

Is there a better way? Can priests be trained “on the cheap”? The seminary is an invention of the Council of Trent. Before then, it was something like what they do in Orthodoxy. The elite were monks, trained in universities and their communities. Parish priests are local men who were brought up in the parish and learned their “stuff” from childhood, and were chosen as viri probati to be ordained for the parish. They often just celebrated the Liturgy, and a priest-monk would come in once in a while to preach and hear confessions. That system leaves something to be desired, but there is a lot of wisdom to it. It is a notion of priestly training based on an apprenticeship and years of hands-on experience.

Whether it is right to say that only mainstream churches train the clergy properly and “continuing” churches are beneath contempt depends on the beholder’s viewpoint. Perhaps one particular “beholder” should have stayed with his owners in the American Episcopal Church, as there was no justification for his going to a pretty little neo-baroque church in the city where he lives. Officialdom and institution are more important than conscience and genuine grievances with the so-called “mainstream” bodies.Following orders coming from the official authority does not justify just anything. That was the most significant principle that came out of the Nuremberg Trials in 1946.

Resuming, a priest should be cultured and able to reason with all social classes. First of all he should be a devout believer and concerned for the spiritual good of his flock. Thirdly, a degree of professionalism and competence in “priestcraft” is needed. A badly celebrated Mass is unedifying! Good manners are essential. The quality of being a good cleric is being increasingly questioned, when the cassock and collar are used to conceal evil and wrongdoing. Corruption is proper to institutions and the men who use them for their own ends. This is why Catholicism can survive outside these institutions and renew itself according to extraordinary means – a principle foreseen in canon law. Salus animarum suprema lex – the salvation of souls is the highest law.

As someone formed to be a cleric, these matters cannot be dealt with according to a black-and-white simplistic mindset. Western Christianity is in a crisis, from whichever viewpoint you look at it. In Europe, the faith is being extinguished, and I am not quoting the Pope. I can see it for myself.

Posted in Uncategorized | Tagged , , | 10 Comments